Gaseous fluid compressor



July 14, 1953 L. BAUGER ETAL GASEOUS FLUID COMPRESSOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed May 4, 1948 IOU/S BAUGER m JEAN ROTY 3223 Z (attnmggs y 1953L.'BAUGER ETAL GASEOUS FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed May 4, 1948 3 Sheets-Sheet2 LOU/5 BAUGER AND JEAN ROTY y 4, 1953 L.'BAUGER ETAL 2,645,410 GASEOUSFLUID COMPRESSOR Filed Mag 4, 1948 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 a uni aminw Ilndantor/ LOU/S BAUGE R AND JEAN ROT) Patented July 14, 1953 UNITED"STAT GASEOUS Louis Banger and Jean Roty, Paris, France, as-

signors to Socit dite:

Societe N ationale dEtude .etde Construction d'e Moteurs d.Avia-- tion,Paris, France, a French company Application May 4, 1948, Serial No.24,945

' In FranceMay 5, 1947 ,9 Claims. (o1. 230-114) The present inventionrelates to gaseous fluid compressors.

Gaseous fluid compressors ofdifferent types,

and, principally, compressors delivering air under pressure to theaircraft engines, are provided with V diffusers having fixed blades orvanes.

The orientation of these vanes is calculated to give optimum conditionsof flow of the gaseous fluid for a predetermined speed of thecompressor, generally, for the speed of normal operation.

At any speed, and, principally, at a'speed of rotation other than thatfor which the orientation of these vanes has been established,prejudicial effects on the output, chiefly shocks, are produced.

The object of thepresent invention isto remedy this inconvenience and,principally, to eliminate the impact of gaseous fluid against the vanesof the diiiuser, at its emergence from the compressor, whatever may bethe speed of the latter.

To this end, according to the present invention,

a compressor of the type above deflned is con-- structed not with fixeddiffusion vanes, but with diffusion vanes of regulable orientation.

Numerous compressors having this characteristic may be constructed;amongstv these, the present invention contemplates, more particularly,those having, at least, one of the following characteristics: l l g 1.The mounting ofeach diiiusion vanegon a,

pivot carried by a fixed crown rigidly attached 1 to the gear case ofthe compressor.

2. A common apparatus for simultaneousvariation of the orientation ofall the diffusion vanes,

(b) For each vane, an eccentric mounted, so as 1 to be capable ofrotation in the'saidouter crown, which serves it as a rotation bearing."a

(c) A pin rigidly connected to the said vane and engaged in thiseccentric. I

4. Means for the operation of this vane control, these means comprising,at least, one of the following:

(a) A member whose position or configuration varies with the'speed ofrotation of the'compressor, this device being, 7

(a) actuated by an apparatus for varying the speed of rotation of thecompressor or, r

(b) A devicefor regulating the rate of admission of gaseous fluid intothe compressor.

5. In the case where the member described in 4 (a); is actuated by anapparatus as described in subsection (a) thereof, this latter apparatuscan be a multi-speed clutch and the said member can be driven by theactuating device of this clutch member.

According to the present invention, further, the vane control can beplaced under the simultaneous dependence of a device as in 4 (a) aboveand of another device as in 4 ('b).

Such a single actuating device of the vanes can be formed, for example,by a pivoted lever of actuated by the'rotor of the compressor, 7

which one of the ends operates the mobile crown for actuating the vanes,the opposed end is actuated by a. member as described in 4 (a) above,and the pivot is carried by a device actuated by an apparatus asdescribed in 4 ('b).

Each of the means above defined may 'be constructed in numerous ways.

The invention will be further described with reference to theaccompanying diagrammatic drawings, given by way of example, and whichdo not limit, in any way, the scope of the present invention, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a partial section perpendicular to the axis of a compressor,the diffuser of this compressor and the apparatus for varyingsimultaneously the orientation of all its blades.

Fig. 2 shows, in'perspective, a detail of mounting of one of the vanesof this compressor.

Fig. 3 is a similar view of the same vanes in another position ofregulation.

Figs. 4 and 5 shows a diffuser of the type of Fig. 1, equipped with adevice for actuation of the outer crown which operate all the vanes,Fig. 4 showing the device in the state of operation of the compressor inthe first speed, and Fig. 5 showing the device in the state of operationof the compressor at the second speed. Fig. 6 shows, in perspective,with the necessary stripping, a. compressor provided with a diffuser asin Fig. 1 and with an apparatus for actuating the diffuser vanescomprising:

(a) A device driven by the compressor,

(1)) A manual device for regulating the admission of gas to thecompressor.

In these different figures the same references denote the same parts.

In Fig. 1, I is the rotor of the compressor, 2 its axis, 3 is diffusionvanes of regulable orientation. All these vanes are mounted on a fixedcrown 4 with the help of pivots 5, here, rigidly connected to the saidvanes. Each of these vanes, is provided with a pin 6 ofcircular sectionengaged in a, housing 1 of the same section constructed eccentrically ina circular disc 8 itself mounted in a" housing 8 of equal section,serving it as rotation bearing, constructed in a circular crown I 4which actuates a shaft 49, mounted in a bearing 50 and which carries aconical pinion 5| in engagement with a second conical pinion 52 keyed ona shaft 53. This shaft passes through a bearing 54 and carries, at itsopposite end, a pinion 55 and a shutter 56. This shutter is in theannular passage 51 for the admission of air to the compressor. A toothedcrown 58 is in engagement both with this pinion 55 and with, at least,one other pinion 55 rigidly attached to another shutter 56 mounted inthe air admission passage 51 of the compressor.

Here, the connection between the crown l0 and this clutch mechanism isobtained by means of the following elements: an arm II, a connecting rodI2, a piston rod l3 and a piston I4 movable in a cylinder full of ahydraulic fluid, for example, oil. This cylinder is connected at itsends totwo pipes I6 and II, the first pipe I6 is itself connected to apipe I3 which can be put into communication either with the source offluid French Patent No. 534,041, dated May 5, 1947, U

for: Clutch mechanism, its applications and devices resulting therefromof the applicant company. The introduction of fluid under pressure intothe pipes 19 and 22 puts this apparatus, for example, into the firstspeed, and, at the same time, drives the piston l4 and the crown II] forregulating of the orientation of the vanes in the direction of thearrows in Fig. 4, whilst the pipe I8 and with it the pipes I9 and 20 areput. into communication with theevacuation.

In Fig. 5, the clutch apparatus 2| transfers the compressor into secondvspeed, the piston I4 and the crown I0 being driven in the direction ofthe arrows in this figure.

In Fig. 6, the elements of the compressor are similar to those of thecompressor of Figures 1-5, but, here, the regulation of the orientationof the vanes is afiected by an arm receiving the action of:

V 1. A centrifugal governor driven by the compressor shaft.

2. A regulatingv device for. the admission of air into the compressor.

The arrangement is the following:

The shaft 2 of the compressor drives a toothed train 23, 24 driving acentrifugal governor 25. On the movable sleeve 26 of this governor ismounted the end 21 of a lever 28 pivoting around an axis 29, of whichthe opposite end 30 carries the joint of a connecting rod 3I. The otherend of this rod is joined at 32 to a lever 33 pivoting around an axis34. The other end of this lever 33 is joined at 35 to a connectingrod-35 itself joined at 31 to a lever 38.

In these conditions, the position of the crown ID for varying theorientation of the vanes 3 depends on the speed of the centrifugalgovernor 25 that is to say on the speed of rotation of the shaft of thecompressor. I

The admission of air into the compressor 3 is regulated by a handle 40pivoting about an axis 4|, connected at 42 to a connecting rod 43,itself connected at 44 to an arm 45 which is keyed on a shaft 46 mountedin bearings 41. Here, this shaft carries a progressive admissionpressure, control, diagrammatically represented at 48 and The number ofshutters 56 for regulation of admission of air into the compressor canbe several, these are, of course, spaced regularly all around the axisof the compressor.

Thus, by the handle 40, the operator can regulate at will theorientation of the shutters 55 in the annular passage 51 for admissionof air into the compressor. A cam 59 is keyed on the shaft 46, arollertfl carried by a rod El is applied against this cam. The oppositeend of this rod is connected at B2 to a lever 63 movable about a fixedpivot 64. The opposite end of thislever 53 is connected at 65 to a rod66 of which the opposite end carries the part 34 of the oscillatinglever 33 abovedescribed. This pivot 34 is movable in a fixed slide 64.The hole being so "arranged that any displacement of the handle 40produces a rotation of the cam 59' and consequently a modification inthe position of the connection rod 5|, the'lever 63,-the connection rod86 and the pivot 34 of the lever 33 and this produces, as a result, thedisplacementof the levers 3S3BIl, and, as a result, a rotation'of thecrown I0 for regulating the position of the vanes.

Under these conditions, this crown is subjected, on theone hand, to theaction of the centrifugal governor 25 that is to say to variations inthe speed of rotation of the shaft 2 of the compressor and, on the otherhand, to movements of the handle 40, that is to say to variations in theposition of the shutters 56 for regulation of admission of air to thecompressor; thus, whatever may bethe modification brought about in theoperation of the compressor, the vanes are always brought into aposition which will ensure the best output of the compressor in thecircumstances.

We declare what we claim is:

1. An air compressor comprising an adjustable diffuser with a stationarycrown surrounding the rotor of said compressor, a second crown rotatablymounted on said stationary crown, a plurality of vanes the rear end ofeach of which is pivotally connected to said stationary crown, saidrotatable crown having a series of circular recesses formed therein, aplurality of circular discs each rotatively mounted in one of said crownrecesses and a second plurality of pins each pivotally and eccentricallyconnected to one of said discs, each said pin being fixed to oppositeend portion of one of said vanes and means for moving said second crown.

2. An air compressor comprisingv an adjustable diffuser with astationary annular icrown surrounding the rotor of said compressor, andhaving a series of openings formed therethrough, a

- second annular crown rotatably mounted about the periphery of saidstationary crown,'said rotatable crown having a series of circularrecesses formed therearound, a plurality ofcir'cular discs each mountedin one of said recesses and hav n ing an opening formed eccentricallytherein, a

each rotatably mounted in one of said stationary crown openingsandconnected to the rear end of one of said vanes and a second plurality ofpins each pivotally mounted in one of said disc openings and connectedto the forward end of one of said vanes and means for rotating saidrotatable crown. 3. An air compressor comprising an adjustable diffuserwith a stationary crown surrounding the rotor of said compressor, asecond crown rotatably mounted on said stationary crown, a plu rality ofvanes the rear end of each of which is pivotally connected to saidstationary crown, said rotatable crown having a series of circularrecesses formed therein, a plurality of circular discs each rotativelymounted in one of said crown recesses and a second plurality of pinseach pivsaid rotatable crown having a series of circular recesses formedtherein, a plurality of circular discs each rotatively mounted in one ofsaid crown recesses and a second plurality of pins each pivotally andeccentrically connected to one of said discs, each said pin being fixedto the opposite end portion of one of said vanes, means for adjustingthe position of said second crown, and an apparatus for varying thespeed of rotation of said compressor connected to said second crownadjusting means for controlling the operation thereof.

5. An air compressor comprising an adjustable diffuser with a stationarycrown surrounding the rotor of said compressor, a second crown rotatablymounted on said stationary crown, a plurality of vanes the rear end ofeach of which is pivotally connected to said stationary crown, saidrotatable crown having a series of circular recesses formed therein, a,plurality of circular discs each rotatively mounted in one of said crownrecesses and a second plurality of pins each pivotally and eccentricallyconnected to one of said discs, each said pin being fixed to oppositeend portion of one of said vanes, an arm pivotally connected to saidsecond crown and a governor connected to said rotor and said arm foradjusting the position of said second crown according to the speed ofrotation of said rotor.

6. An air compressor comprising an adjustable difiuser with a stationarycrown surrounding the rotor of said compressor, a second crown rotatablymounted on said stationary crown, a plurality of vanes the rear end ofeach of which is pivotally connected to said stationary crown, saidrotatable crown having a series of circular recesses formed therein, aplurality of circular discs each rotatively mounted in one of said crownrecesses and a second plurality of pins each pivotally and eccentricallyconnected to one of said discs, each said pin being fixed to oppositeend portion of one of said vanes, an arm pivotally connected to saidsecond crown, means for regulating the admission of air in saidcompressor and a governor connected to said means and said arm foradjusting the position of the second able diffuser with a stationarycrown surrounding the rotor of said compressor, a second crown rotatablymounted on said stationary crown, a plurality of vanes the rear end ofeach of which is pivotally connected to said stationary crown, saidrotatable crown having a series or" circular recesses formed therein, aplurality of circular discs each rotatively mounted in one of said crownrecesses and a second plurality of pins each pivotally and eccentricallyconnected to one of said discs, each said pin being fixed to oppositeend portion of one of said vanes, an arm pivotally connected to saidsecond crown, means for varying the speed of rotation of the compressor,means for regulating the admission of air in said compressor and meansfor adjusting the position of the second crown according to the positionor means for varying the speed of rotation of the compressor and,simultaneously, the position of means for regulating the admission ofair in said compressor.

8. An adjustable diffuser for air compressors comprising a stationaryannular crown surrounding the rotor of said compressor, a second annularcrown slideably mounted about the periphery of said stationary crown,said slideable crown having a series of annular recesses formedtherearound, a plurality of discs each. rotatably mounted in one of saidcrown recesses, a plurality of vanes each pivotally connected at one endportion to said stationary crown, a plurality of pins each fixedlyconnected to the opposite end portion of one of said vanes and pivotallyand eccentrically connected to one of said discs, an arm pivotallyconnected to said rotatable crown, and automatic hydraulic means foroperating said arm and thereby adjusting said vanes.

9. An adjustable diffuser for air compressors comprising a stationarycrown surrounding the rotor of said compressor, a second crown rotatablymounted on said stationary crown, a plurality of vanes each pivotallyconnected at one end portion to said stationary crown, said rotatablecrown having a series of annular recesses formed therein, a plurality ofdiscs each rotatably mounted in one of said crown recesses, a

plurality of pins each pivotally and eccentrically connected to one ofsaid discs and fixed to the opposite end portion of one of said vanes,an arm pivotally connected to said second crown, manual means connectedto said arm for positioning the same and said second crown, and agovernor connected to said rotor and said arm for further adjusting theposition of said second crown according to the speed of said. rotor.

LOUIS BAUGER. JEAN ROTY.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

